Synergetic Interpretation of Natural-Philosophical Ideas in Medieval Muslim Philosophy: The Legacy of Al-Biruni
Keywords:
Al-Biruni, natural philosophy, Muslim philosophy, synergetics, being, atomism, Peripatetics, naturalists, substantial concept, relational concept.Abstract
The article examines the emergence and conceptual grounding of natural-philosophical ideas in medieval Muslim philosophy, their connection with ancient scientific and philosophical traditions, and their manifestation in al-Biruni's thought as a new methodological synthesis. The central argument is that the Peripatetic, naturalist, kalam-atomist and other intellectual trends of the Muslim East should not be interpreted only as rival schools. They should also be understood as interacting components of a complex synergetic system that explains the relations between being, nature and human experience. Using the IMRAD format, the research applies historical-philosophical reconstruction, comparative conceptual analysis, hermeneutic interpretation and synergetic modelling. The findings show that al-Biruni's natural-philosophical worldview combines empirical observation, critical reasoning, logical argumentation and systemic interpretation. The article substantiates the need to move beyond one-sided materialist or purely theological readings of medieval Muslim philosophy and to study it as an open, complex and dynamic system of knowledge.
References
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