International Journal of Scientific Trends

The Use of Pedagogical Technologies in Teaching the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

2025-05-07T17:14:44+00:00

This article explores the integration of pedagogical technologies in teaching the chromosome theory of inheritance, emphasizing innovative methods to enhance student understanding.

A Systematic Approach to Creating Methods and Forms of Organizing Training in Solving Chemical Problems

2025-05-07T17:19:47+00:00

This article examines the methods and forms of organizing classes in solving problems in chemistry in general secondary schools.

Masterpieces of Uzbek Art in Famous Museums of Europe

2025-05-07T17:24:01+00:00

The article is based on the fact that ancient artworks, telling about the history and culture of the peoples of Uzbekistan, were taken of world for various reasons, and now they have become exhibits of famous museums around the world. In the activities of these museums, historical objects that are considered masterpieces of Uzbek culture testify to folk art, culture, crafts and fine arts and attract the attention of the entire world community.

Mechanism for Improving Principles of Property and Entrepreneurship in New Uzbekistan and its Prospective Opportunities

2025-05-12T15:49:01+00:00

This article analyzes the reforms being implemented in the field of property and entrepreneurship during the period of New Uzbekistan, the improvement of principles in this area, changes in legislation, and their impact on the economic and social environment. Attention is also paid to promising opportunities and existing problems in this area, and mechanisms for their elimination are proposed.

The Importance of Vitamins and Microelements in Cattle Organisms

2025-05-12T15:51:31+00:00

This article presents the results of experimental trials on 15 large horned animals (3, 12, and 18 months old) at the Qo‘niratbay mexri farm in Nukus district of Karakalpakstan Republic. The trials evaluated the effectiveness of Antimyopatic-2 and E-selenium preparations. An average weight gain of 683.3 grams per animal was observed when 2 ml of Antimyopatic-2 was administered per animal, while an average weight gain of 500 grams per animal was observed when 2 ml of E-selenium was administered. Animals fed the same diet without any administered medication showed an average weight gain of 150 grams.

Experiment on 3 Different Age Bilingual Learners

2025-05-15T12:31:49+00:00

This article investigates the language proficiency of three bilingual students representing different age groups, with a focus on assessing their overall language levels, as well as identifying their specific strengths and weaknesses across various language skills. Through a comprehensive analysis, the research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the individual learning processes and developmental trajectories of bilingual learners. Additionally, the study incorporates the researcher’s personal beliefs and expectations concerning bilingual education, highlighting the pedagogical implications of supporting bilingual students effectively. The findings reveal a range of challenges and advantages experienced by bilingual learners, underscoring the necessity for differentiated and context-sensitive instructional strategies to foster their linguistic and academic growth. This research contributes to the broader discourse on bilingualism by emphasizing the complexity of bilingual language development and the critical role of tailored educational interventions.

Research on the Processing of Corn Grain by Steam Pressure and Ultra-High Frequency Drying

2025-05-15T12:35:59+00:00

The process of obtaining instant cereals from corn grain is one of the important areas of research aimed at the efficient use of plant resources. From this point of view, research on obtaining special flour and groats from corn not only contributes to increasing the efficiency of its industrial production, but also opens up new prospects in the field of functional nutrition, aimed at organizing special food rations. When processing corn grain, it is important to isolate optimal components for special consumption rations. For this purpose, based on the study and analysis of the chemical composition of corn grain, a number of substances with functional properties were identified. Also, the important properties of the identified substances for human health are scientifically substantiated. Corn stalks and grains are mainly used for fodder purposes for livestock. It should be noted that today, due to unfavorable climatic conditions, the yield of food crops grown on rainfed lands is decreasing or declining, which requires the effective use of available raw materials. For the use of corn grain for food purposes, the autumn varieties "Oqpari" and "Ivola," registered in the state register, were studied.

The Role of Mathematical Models in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

2025-05-16T06:55:27+00:00

This article analyzes the role of mathematical models in artificial intelligence and machine learning systems, as well as their importance in algorithm design. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that as digital technologies continue to develop, the accuracy and stability of AI-based systems increasingly depend on mathematical modeling. The main objective of the study is to identify the functional role of key mathematical models used in machine learning algorithms, particularly linear algebra, probability theory, statistical models, and gradient optimization methods. The analysis shows that mathematical models enhance algorithm efficiency and improve learning quality. The research findings may be useful for both researchers conducting scientific studies in the field of artificial intelligence and developers of applied systems.

Mechanisms of Psychological Defense in Communication Between Students and Teachers

2025-05-16T06:58:08+00:00

This article explores the mechanisms of psychological defense that emerge in the communication between students and teachers in the context of higher education. Psychological defense mechanisms are unconscious strategies individuals use to protect themselves from emotional discomfort, anxiety, or perceived threats. Within the educational environment, these defenses can influence how students respond to feedback, authority, or academic stress, and how teachers react to classroom dynamics, student behavior, or professional expectations. The article analyzes the types of defense mechanisms most commonly observed in student-teacher communication, such as denial, projection, rationalization, and avoidance, and examines their psychological functions and pedagogical consequences. Special attention is given to cultural and institutional factors influencing these dynamics, especially within Uzbekistan’s higher education system. The paper also offers practical recommendations for recognizing, managing, and transforming defensive behaviors into constructive communication strategies that foster emotional safety, mutual respect, and effective interaction.

Stages of Designing A System for Improving the Mechanism for the Development of Valeological Competence in Future Teachers

2025-05-17T04:45:56+00:00

This article used the criteria and indicators for the development of the competence of civil and national pride in future teachers as indicators of the assessment of upbringing in the introduction of the “concept of continuous spiritual education”. As a result, the possibility of diagnosing future educators in student’s readiness to form a competence of national pride has increased. These proposals made it possible to prepare future educators for educational activities, to develop an active civic position in them.

Analysis of E-Commerce Development in Kazakhstan: Market Structure and Key Participants

2025-05-17T09:23:52+00:00

Kazakhstan's e-commerce is a significant part of the country's economy, and it can be identified through its market structure and key participants — retail platforms, exchange integrators, and delivery operators. This article analyzes the elements of payment systems (bank cards, mobile wallets, online aggregators) and infrastructure (warehouse networks, logistics chains, real-time tracking services). In the process of further development of e-commerce, issues that require solutions to ensure consistency of regulations, ensure cybersecurity, improve the efficiency of local delivery services and strengthen brand credibility will be identified. The article also examines Kazakhstan's integration with global e-commerce platforms (Alibaba, Amazon), regional deals for cross-border transactions, and access mechanisms to neighboring markets such as Uzbekistan and Russia. Consequently, practical recommendations will be developed on modernization of e-commerce sphere of the country.

Adaptation of German Language Teachers to The Medical Field

2025-05-23T06:23:34+00:00

The article discusses the process of adapting German language teachers to the medical field, emphasizing the importance of foreign language education within a professional context, particularly in medicine. The paper outlines the key roles and responsibilities of a language teacher in the medical domain, highlighting the need for specialized knowledge of medical terminology, clinical scenarios, and interactive teaching methods. It elaborates on the stages of adaptation, including knowledge, methodological, and psychological adjustments that teachers must undergo. Furthermore, the article presents modern pedagogical approaches such as task-based learning, problem-based learning (PBL), and case-based discussions, which enable teachers to integrate professional tasks into language learning.

Soft Regulation vs. Hard Manipulative Technologies – Conceptual Foundations in Informational Governance

2025-05-23T06:26:58+00:00

In the digital era, public stability is increasingly linked to the integrity and governance of the information environment. This article examines the dichotomy between “hard” manipulative technologies—such as censorship, surveillance, and disinformation—and “soft” regulation based on media literacy, transparency, and self-regulation. While hard methods may provide immediate control, they risk undermining public trust and democratic values. By contrast, soft regulation seeks to build resilient societies by empowering citizens to critically engage with information and resist manipulative content. Through a political-cultural and ideological lens, the article argues that soft informational governance not only enhances information security but also reinforces democratic legitimacy and pluralism.

The Consequences of the "Perestroika" Policy in Social Life in the Uzbek SSR

2025-05-23T06:30:02+00:00

This article analyzes the socio-economic changes carried out in the Uzbek SSR during the period of Perestroika and the problems that arose in this process. The relevance of the article is that it studies the impact of the Perestroika period, which was an important stage in the history of Uzbekistan, on local socio-economic life. Today, the lessons of this period play an important role in correctly assessing the post-independence development strategies of Uzbekistan. The main goal of the research is to reveal the essence of the reforms carried out in the Uzbek SSR during the years of Perestroika, to show their impact on society and the economy, and to analyze the mistakes and shortcomings made. In conducting our research, historical-analytical, statistical and comparative methods were used, and an analytical approach was implemented based on archival documents, official data and the press of the time. The policy of perestroika, along with positive results, also caused a number of serious shortcomings. In particular, the over-regulation of cotton production, the inefficiency of the socialist economy, problems in national relations, and the agricultural crisis have increased public distrust of reforms. Learning from these mistakes is important for Uzbekistan's current and future reform policies.

Modern Reforms in Enhancing Higher Education Quality: Philosophical Foundations and Legal Frameworks

2025-05-23T06:33:55+00:00

This article examines modern reforms in the higher education system of Uzbekistan, analyzing their philosophical foundations and legal frameworks. It highlights international experiences in educational quality assurance and the essential role of human capital in sustainable socio-economic development. Based on the Concept for the Development of Higher Education in Uzbekistan until 2030, the paper evaluates recent reforms, identifies existing challenges, and proposes recommendations for raising the quality of education to international standards.

Scientific and Methodological Foundations of Teaching Karakalpak Language and Literature in 8th-9th Uzbek Grades

2025-05-23T06:39:36+00:00

Improving the scientific and methodological foundations of teaching karakalpak language and literature in uzbek grades 8-9is and the principles of compiling textbooks, improving methodological issues using problematic, review texts based on the materials presented in the karakalpak language and literature in uzbek grades 8-9is lesson program, lesson classes and teaching methods. He mechanism of using interactive methods in modern lessons has been improved; it has been strengthened by teacher motivation based on the needs of teachers, using effective problem-solving situations in teaching karakalpak language and literature in uzbek grades 8-9is and activating the communicative process.

International Cooperation and Integration Directions of Uzbekistan's Higher Education

2025-05-23T06:42:32+00:00

This article analyzes the process of integration of the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan into the international educational space, forms of international cooperation, existing problems and promising directions. Also, important aspects of the development of the higher education system of Uzbekistan based on world best practices are highlighted.

Comprehending Terms Through Contexts

2025-05-23T06:45:53+00:00

In the recent years, a lot of changes have been made in education system, especially in the educational life of learners. Their wish of using innovative technology fulfilled their dreams in studying unknown words during the English for petroleum engineering. Besides, they decided to use more electronic applications in understanding the technical context in the English and Uzbek languages. This paper outlines the effectiveness of electronic dictionaries in English for petroleum engineering classes and their use consequently, the influence of terminology for text-comprehension in subject-specific issues. The examples of terminology for Petroleum engineering are provided.

Didactic Conditions for the Development of Epistemological Motivation of Students in Teacher Education

2025-05-23T06:48:46+00:00

This article notes that the development of gnoseological motivation of students in pedagogical education is an important part of the educational process, the use of innovative educational technologies in the educational process can also serve the personal development of students, a useful frame for society as a future specialist, responsible personnel are important for the sustainable development of any country.

Metaphorical Conceptualization of Labor in The English Language

2025-05-24T17:49:19+00:00

This article explores the metaphorical conceptualization of the concept “labor” in the English language. Through cognitive linguistic analysis, the study examines how labor is represented metaphorically, revealing underlying cultural values and social attitudes. The paper discusses common metaphors related to labor, such as labor as a journey, labor as a commodity, and labor as a force or energy, highlighting their role in shaping our understanding of work and effort.

Irrigation System in Khorasan During the Reign of Abu Said Mirza

2025-05-24T17:52:26+00:00

This article highlights the high-level attention given by the Timurid ruler Abu Said Mirza to the irrigation system in Khorasan.

The Problem of Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property Rights

2025-05-24T17:56:43+00:00

This article is based on the fact that the development of information technologies, nanotechnologies, biotechnology, cognitive technologies, automation and rabotization of production, digitization and robotizatsion of production, digitizatsion and cybernetcization of management are placing new professional and requirements on the trends in the dynamics of demand for professions, the decrease in demand for some popular proffessions, and the increase in demand for some new professions.

Blended Learning and Media Literacy: A New Paradigm in English Language Teaching

2025-05-24T17:59:00+00:00

Blended learning, an innovative educational approach that combines traditional face-to-face instruction with online learning, is rapidly transforming the landscape of English language teaching (ELT). This paradigm shift has been fueled by advancements in technology and the growing need for flexible, student-centered learning environments. This article explores the intersection of blended learning and media literacy in the context of ELT, highlighting the benefits of integrating digital tools and media platforms into language teaching practices. Through a review of current literature and practical case studies, the article examines how media literacy fosters critical thinking, enhances language acquisition, and equips students with the skills necessary to navigate the media-saturated world. The discussion also addresses the challenges teachers face when implementing blended learning models and media literacy initiatives, offering recommendations for effective strategies in enhancing student engagement, motivation, and language proficiency.

Varieties in the Meaning of Terminology

2025-05-24T18:01:28+00:00

A word or term may be able to be different in meaning as synonyms, homonyms, antonyms and other types of formation representing the meaning of words in one of the fields of expertise. However, a word as synonym can be used in special field. There are some discussions among linguists that their idea according to representing synonyms in the technical field is limited and it is hard to find noun function synonyms in the industrial field. Terminologists look through dictionaries, books, literature, spoken contexts, printed contexts synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms occasionally in order to define exact meaning of the terminology using in the field of industry.

Organization of Interaction Between A Group of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and A Ground Control Station

2025-05-24T18:05:04+00:00

This paper examines the use of civilian UAV swarms in urban environments, focusing on improving communication through a specialized relay quadcopter with a narrow-beam antenna. Swarm operation offers cost efficiency and reliability but requires precise navigation and stable communication amid urban interference. By combining navigation data from all swarm elements, the system achieves accurate positioning to guide the relay’s antenna, enhancing range, interference resistance, and security of the link to the ground control station. The study also reviews antenna control systems and communication standards like WiMax. Although relay use may cause data delays and risks from single-point failure, redundancy strategies help maintain reliable communication, making the approach promising for urban UAV applications

Romantic Organ Sonata: The Main Stages

2025-05-24T18:09:17+00:00

This scholarly article examines the evolution of the organ sonata genre, tracing its trajectory from the late 17th century to its establishment as a distinct musical form in the 19th century. The study delineates the key stages in the development of the organ sonata, starting with Baroque prototypes and culminating in its zenith during the Romantic era's second half.

Teaching Tourism Terminology as a Pedagogical Necessity in the Training of Guide-Interpreters

2025-05-28T09:57:45+00:00

This article explores the pedagogical significance of teaching tourism terminology in the professional preparation of guide-interpreters. Given the rapid development of the global tourism industry and the increasing need for multilingual specialists, the role of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and other modern methodological approaches is emphasized. The paper analyzes challenges in teaching tourism-specific vocabulary and provides practical solutions such as ESP, CLIL, and multimodal instruction. Based on current educational reforms in Uzbekistan, the study highlights the urgent need to align language instruction with the professional demands of the tourism sector.

How Can Teamwork and Leadership in the Sport of Basketball Create an Effective Team?

2025-05-28T10:02:30+00:00

Basketball is a team sport in which teamwork, strategic thinking, and leadership play a major role. Individual skills are not enough to create an effective team, but also the understanding of each other, adaptation to tactics, and leadership skills of players. This article analyzes the basic principles of team play, types of leadership, and their impact on team results. It also examines the role of coaches and leading players in motivating the team. Strategies for creating an effective team are highlighted based on modern research and practical experience. The importance of factors such as communication, mutual trust, and quick adaptation to the situation in order to increase efficiency in the process of team play is emphasized. This study serves as a guide for coaches, players, and sports experts.

Physical Fitness of Basketball Players: The Importance of Endurance, Speed and Strength

2025-05-28T10:07:47+00:00

Basketball is a high-intensity sport in which the physical fitness of players is one of the keys to success. This article comprehensively studies the importance of endurance, speed and strength indicators in basketball players. Endurance helps to maintain high performance during a long game, while speed plays an important role in gaining an advantage over the opponent and performing movements optimally. The strength factor ensures the athlete's stability in contact fights, jumps and defensive movements. The article covers training systems and recommendations for basketball players aimed at developing these three aspects. The study is based on sports physiology and practical training methodologies and is aimed at maximizing the physical fitness of basketball players.

The Effectiveness of the Use of Pedagogical Technologies in Improving Literacy of Primary Students

2025-05-28T10:11:58+00:00

This study studies the effectiveness of the use of pedagogical technologies in improving literacy of Primary School students. The article analyzes the role of digital and traditional pedagogical technologies in the development of literacy skills in the modern educational system. Literature analysis shows that pedagogical technologies have a positive effect on the development of reading, writing and speech by students. The results of the study demonstrated the effectiveness of interactive methods, digital tools and multimedia technologies in increasing the literacy rate of primary students.

Methodology of Making Small Sculptures Based on Ceramics: Theoretical and Practical Approaches

2025-05-28T10:18:35+00:00

This article describes the process of making small-sized figurines from ceramic clay in stages, and its methodological foundations are analyzed based on a scientific and practical approach. During the research, the materials, techniques, tools used in creating figurines and their interrelationships were studied in depth. The processes of clay selection, shaping, detailing, drying, baking, glazing and painting were considered in technological sequence, and the problems that arise at each stage and ways to overcome them were proposed. The pedagogical, artistic, aesthetic and cultural significance of the methodology for making small figurines was also analyzed, and its role in educating young artists, forming aesthetic taste and developing national artistic traditions was highlighted. The article used the methods of theoretical analysis, observation, comparison and practical testing. Based on the results obtained, methodological recommendations were developed, and the educational and practical potential of the art of making small figurines was highlighted.

The Role of Fine Arts in the Formation of Spiritual and Aesthetic Qualities of Personality

2025-05-28T10:23:37+00:00

The article analyzes the role of fine art in the formation of spiritual and aesthetic qualities of the individual, as well as its educational and artistic-aesthetic potential. By means of art, attention is paid to the issues of educating in the hearts of the younger generation a sense of artistic taste, spiritual elevation, national pride, and devotion to values.

The State of General Education Schools in New Uzbekistan: Problems and Solutions

2025-05-29T14:38:26+00:00

This article examines the current state and challenges of the general secondary education system in New Uzbekistan. Despite significant reforms aimed at improving the social status of teachers, updating curricula, and enhancing educational quality, persistent issues remain in infrastructure, teacher qualifications, and teaching methodologies. Key problems include outdated school facilities, insufficient professional development for educators, and curricula that do not fully foster critical thinking and practical skills. The article proposes comprehensive solutions such as modernizing infrastructure, reforming teacher training and certification systems, updating curricula to international standards, and improving assessment transparency. The successful implementation of these measures requires coordinated efforts from government bodies, educators, parents, and society at large. Ultimately, continuous investment and innovation in education are crucial for developing the potential of the younger generation and ensuring New Uzbekistan’s competitive position in the global educational landscape.

Advantages and Future Prospects of CNC Machines

2025-05-29T14:42:16+00:00

Technological advancements are driving progress in all sectors, particularly in the mechanical engineering industry. The continuous development of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines significantly contributes to increased production volumes in modern manufacturing. This paper explores the CNC machining process, various CNC operations and their required equipment, as well as the advantages and future trends of CNC technology. Additionally, the article highlights key considerations for manufacturers and machine tool users when evaluating CNC machining as the most effective solution for their specific production needs.